It turns out that cholesterol's impact on chain ordering stems not only from direct interactions with the PLs but is also indirectly present in the other energy contributions. Furthermore, the analysis sheds light on the relevance of the entropic contributions, related to the degrees of freedom of the acyl chain.The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a public health emergency and widely spread around the world. Rapid, accurate and early diagnosis of COVID-19 infection plays a crucial role in breaking this pandemic. However, the detection accuracy is limited for current single-gene diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Herein, we develop an autonomous lab-on-paper platform for multiplex gene diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 by combining reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) and CRISPR-Cas12a detection. The autonomous lab-on-paper is capable of simultaneously detecting nucleoprotein (N) gene and spike (S) gene of SARS-CoV-2 virus as well as human housekeeping RNAse P gene (an internal control) in a single clinical sample. With the developed platform, 102 copies viral RNA per test can be detected within one hour. Also, the lab-on-paper platform has been used to detect 21 swab clinical samples and obtains a comparable performance to the conventional RT-PCR method. Thus, the developed lab-on-paper platform holds great potential for rapid, sensitive, reliable, multiple molecular diagnostics of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases in resource-limited settings.Being able to control the interactions of biomaterials with living tissues and skin is highly desirable for many biomedical applications. This is particularly the case for cellulose-based materials which provide one of the most versatile platforms for tissue engineering due to their strength, biocompatibility and abundance. Achieving such control, however, requires detailed molecular-level knowledge of the dominant interaction mechanisms. Here, we employed both biased and unbiased atomic-scale molecular dynamics simulations to explore how cellulose crystals interact with model stratum corneum bilayers, ternary mixtures of ceramides, cholesterol, and free fatty acids. Our findings show that acidity in the contact area directly affects binding between cellulose and the stratum corneum bilayer Protonation of free fatty acids in the bilayer promotes attractive cellulose-bilayer interactions. We identified two major factors that control the cellulose-skin interactions (i) the electrostatic repulsion between a cellulose crystal and the charged (anionic due to deprotonated fatty acids) surface of a stratum corneum bilayer and (ii) the cellulose-stratum corneum hydrogen bonding. When less than half of the fatty acids in the bilayer are protonated, the first factor dominates and there is no binding to skin. At a larger degree of fatty acid protonation the cellulose-stratum corneum hydrogen bonding prevails yielding a tight binding. Remarkably, we found that ceramide molecules are the key component in hydrogen bonding with cellulose. Overall, our findings highlight the critical role of fatty acid protonation in biomaterial-stratum corneum interactions and can be used for optimizing the surface properties of cellulose-based materials aimed at biomedical applications such as wound dressings.A simple N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand linked to a flexible propylene linker allows the formation of "Cu-Cu"- and "2 Cu"-type geometries inside a molecular framework. The incorporation of two Cu(i) ions in close proximity was observed in the Cu-Cu-type geometry but not in the 2 Cu-type geometry. Tertiapin-Q mw In this study, the ground-state geometries of solid-state di-copper(i) complexes containing NHC ligands with ethyl substituents were modulated by external stimuli. A crystal with the 2 Cu-type geometry was obtained by the mechanical grinding and heating of a crystal with the Cu-Cu-type geometry, as confirmed by the disappearance of the absorption peak attributed to cuprophilic interaction in the diffuse reflection spectrum. The mechanical grinding of both crystals afforded composite states comprising small crystallites of the corresponding crystalline phases and an amorphous domain. This structural transition was accompanied by tribochromism and chronochromism. The results suggest that these di-copper(i) complexes show promise for the development of stimuli-responsive photoluminescent Cu(i) complexes.The synthesis of aliphatic (pentafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl)(SF5)-substituted compounds is more challenging than that of the related CF3-substituted analogues. Previous investigations of [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements of γ-SF5-substituted allylic alcohols failed to yield 3-SF5-substituted carboxylic acid derivatives. Herein, we present the synthesis of a series of 1-SF5-alk-1-en-3-ols and our efforts to apply them in Johnson-Claisen, ester enolate-Claisen, and Ireland-Claisen rearrangements. Unfortunately, these reactions failed to include the 1-SF5-substituted 1,2-double bond, although successful reactions of analogous CF3-allylic alcohols were reported. Further experiments revealed that bulkiness rather than electronic properties of the SF5 group prevented [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements. Indeed, the introduction of a competing second vinyl group into the system (1-SF5-penta-1,4-dien-3-ol) confirmed that a Johnson-Claisen rearrangement was successful (92% yield of methyl 7-SF5-hepta-4,6-dienoate) with incorporatson-Claisen rearrangement.Lead-free 0.945K0.48Na0.52Nb0.96Ta0.04O3-0.055BaZrO3 + 6%MnO + xZrO2 piezoelectric ceramics sintered in a reducing atmosphere were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction methods. The use of the ZrO2 dopant resulted in an increase in the rhombohedral (R) phase in orthorhombic (O)/R coexisting phases. Nonstoichiometric ZrO2 dopant addition could effectively improve the anti-reduction properties of KNN-based ceramics via controlling the oxygen vacancy concentration. In particular, 2% mol nonstoichometric ZrO2 dopant addition could improve the activation energy of the grain boundary (Egb) via increasing the grain boundary thickness. The addition of the ZrO2 dopant could improve the fatigue resistance of the unipolar piezoelectric strain of 0.945K0.48Na0.52Nb0.96Ta0.04O3-0.055BaZrO3 + 6%MnO ceramics. The optimum inverse piezoelectric coefficient of ceramics at x = 0.01 reached up to ∼465 pm V-1 at a low driving electric field E of 20 kV cm-1 at room temperature, and the temperature stability of reached 155 °C.