The increasing load of ingestible plastics from sea air could have a far-reaching impact on marine ecosystem.The adsorption of arsenic (V), As(V), on two porous iron oxyhydroxide-based adsorbents, namely, micro-sized tetravalent manganese feroxyhyte (μTMF) and granular ferric hydroxide (μGFH), applied in a submerged microfiltration membrane hybrid system has been investigated and modeled. Batch adsorption tests were carried out to determine adsorption equilibrium and kinetics parameters of As(V) in a bench-scale slurry reactor setup. A mathematical model has been developed to describe the kinetic data as well as to predict the As(V) breakthrough curves in the hybrid system based on the homogeneous surface diffusion model (HSDM) and the corresponding solute mass balance equation. The kinetic parameters describing the mass transfer resistance due to intraparticle surface diffusion (Ds) involved in the HSDM was determined. The fitted Ds values for the smaller (1-63 μm) and larger (1-250 μm) diameter particles of μGFH and μTMF were estimated to be 1.09 × 10-18 m2/s and 1.53 × 10-16 m2/s, and 2.26 × 10-18 m2/s and 1.01 × 10-16 m2/s, respectively. The estimated values of mass transfer coefficient/ kinetic parameters are then applied in the developed model to predict the As(V) concentration profiles in the effluent of the hybrid membrane system. The predicted results were compared with experimental data for As(V) removal and showed an excellent agreement. After validation at varying adsorbent doses and membrane fluxes, the developed mathematical model was used to predict the influence of different operation conditions on As(V) effluent concentration profile. The model simulations also exhibit that the hybrid system benefits from increasing the amount of adsorbent initially dosed and from decreasing the membrane flux (increasing the contact time).Fishing is part of the traditional activities of Indigenous people in Canada. However, it is also a route of exposure to methylmercury, a known neurotoxicant, and this is a concern for those who rely on fish as part of their diet. The probable weekly intake (PWI) of methylmercury from six species of fish was calculated for Indigenous community members (N = 1406), grouped by age and sex, and compared to Canadian and international provisional reference doses to assess exposure. Mixed-effects regression models were also used to estimate the input of methylmercury into the blood, and Hazard Quotients (HQ) were used to assess potential effects. Of the species of fish in our study, walleye and lake trout contributed the most to methylmercury intake. There was a positive association between the consumption of walleye and the total blood mercury concentrations of mercury in women and men (R2A = 0.40 and 0.47, respectively), and to a lesser extent, children. Similar results were observed for the consumption of lake trout. The 95th-percentile HQ for girls (3.16) and boys (3.18) from the consumption of lake trout was relatively high, and to a lesser extent, so was the HQ for walleye and pike. AG 825 concentration The consumption of some species of fish increases the exposure to methylmercury, however, taking a balanced approach, there are health benefits associated with the consumption of fish that must be considered. To mitigate future exposure to methylmercury, we recommend follow-up blood monitoring and local-geospatial-based assessments.It is well known that serum is an ideal and potential choice to reflect the toxicity of fluoride. However, the effects of fluoride on serum metabolome have not been reported until now. In this study, the models of 3-week-old rats exposed fluoride by breast milk and 11-week-old rats exposed fluoride via breast milk and drinking water containing sodium fluoride (100 mg/L) were established. Using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), as compared with control group, 28 negative (NEG) and 52 positive (POS) metabolites were significantly up-regulated, meanwhile 30 NEG and 21 POS significantly down-regulated metabolites were found in serum of 3-week-old rats exposed to fluoride. For 11-week-old fluorosis rats, there were 119 NEG and 65 POS metabolites significantly increased, and 7 NEG, 5 POS metabolites were obviously decreased. Importantly, nicotinamide, adenosine, 1-Oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (OGPC), and 1-Stearoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine (SGPC) were shared by two models. The metabolites of urea cycle, such as urea and N2-Acetyl-l-ornithine, betaine as a methyl donor, were regarded to reflect the fluorosis degree. These metabolites could be the potential markers of fluorosis, contributing to the prevention and treatment of fluorosis.Environmental contaminations by potentially toxic metals (PTMs) are associated with energy exploitation and present a significant problem in urban areas due to their impacts on human health. The PTMs status in Urumqi total environment inevitably impacted by extensive development of coal and oil industries has been lack of understanding comprehensively. A series of PTMs (As, Ba, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Ga, La, Mn, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, Th, U, V, Y, Zn, Zr) in the soil-dust-plant (foliage of Ulmus pumila L.) system of Urumqi (NW China) were screened by XRF and ICPMS. Multivariate statistics, risk models, GIS-based geostatistics, Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor modelling and blood lead levels of 0-6 aged children evaluated by IEUBK model are used to determine the priority pollutants, sources and health effects of the investigated elements. The spatial distribution of PTMs in soil-dust-plant system significantly coincides with coal combustion, traffic emission, and industrial activity. Although all PTM toxicants in soil, dust and tree foliage show some effects, the priority contaminants are observed for Cu, Pb and Zn as single element. The total carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from PTMs are beyond the tolerance range of 0-6 year's old children, and the dust (TCR = 1.07E-04) PTMs pose approximatively equivalent carcinogenic risk to soil PTMs (TCT = 1.09E-04). The predicted BLLs (75-83 μ g·L-1) of 1-2 years children are most strongly influenced by Pb in soil and dust, and therefore more attention should be focused on sources of Pb to support the primary health care of the toddlers in Urumqi.