pathways of bacteria and to identify the mechanism of action of secondary metabolites from Streptomyces sp. AC14. Sleep is critical to recovery, but inpatient sleep is often disrupted. During the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing efforts to minimize spread may have improved hospitalized children's sleep by decreasing unnecessary overnight disruptions. This study aimed to describe the impact of these efforts on pediatric inpatient sleep using objective and subjective metrics. Sleep disruptions for pediatric inpatients admitted prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic were compared. Hand hygiene sensors tracking room entries were utilized to measure objective overnight disruptions for 69 nights pre-pandemic and 154 pandemic nights. Caregiver surveys of overnight disruptions, sleep quantity, and caregiver mood were adopted from validated tools the Karolinska Sleep Log, Potential Hospital Sleep Disruptions and Noises Questionnaire, and Visual Analog Mood Scale. Nighttime room entries initially decreased 36% (95% CI 30%, 42%, p<0.001), then returned towards baseline, mirroring the COVID-19 hospital census. Howevetheir caregivers. Future work targeting stress and anxiety could improve pediatric inpatient sleep.Tailored to the increasing demands for sensing technologies, the fabrication of dual-modal sensing technologies through combining two signal transduction channels into one method has been proposed and drawn considerable attention. The integration of two sensing signals not only promotes the analytical efficiency with reduced assumption, but also improves the analytical performances with enlarged detection linear range, enhanced accuracy, and boosted application flexibility. The two top-rated output signals for developing dual-modal sensors are colorimetric and fluorescent signals because of their outstanding merits for point of care applications and real-time sensitive sensing. Given the rapid development of material chemistry and nanotechnology, the recent decade has witnessed great advance in colorimetric/fluorimetric signal based dual-modal sensing technologies. The new sensing strategy leads to a broad avenue for various applications in disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring and food safety because of the complementary and synergistic effects of the two output signals. In this state-of-the-art review, we comprehensively summarize different types of colorimetric/fluorimetric dual-modal sensing methods by highlighting representative research in the last 5 years, digging into their sensing methodologies, particularly the working principles of the signal transduction systems. Then, the challenges and future prospects for boosting further development of this research field are discussed.The continuing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has spread globally and its reliable diagnosis is one of the foremost priorities for protecting public health. Herein a rapid ( less then 1 h), easy-to-implement, and accurate CRISPR-based evanescent wave fluorescence biosensing platform for detection of SARS-CoV-2 is reported. The collateral effect of Cas13a is combined with a universal autonomous enzyme-free hybridization chain reaction (HCR) by designing a cleavage hairpin reporter, which is cleaved upon target recognition, and hence releasing the initiator sequence to trigger the downstream HCR circuits. Detection of HCR assemblies is accomplished by first adsorbing to the desthiobiotin-modified optical fiber, followed by fluorescence emission induced by an evanescent field. Three Cas13a crRNAs targeting the genes of S, N and Orf1ab of SARS-CoV-2 are programmed to specifically target SARS-CoV-2 or broadly detect related coronavirus strains, such as MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. The HCR amplification coupled Cas13a-based biosensing platform is capable of rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 with attomolar sensitivity. This method is further validated by adding target RNA of SARS-CoV-2 in negative oropharyngeal swabs. The good discrimination capability of this technique demonstrates its promising potential for point-of-care diagnosis of COVID-19.Molecular analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is of critical significance for the non-invasive early detection of tumors. However, in situ detection of intracellular nucleic acids of CTCs in whole blood still remains challenge. By using a highly efficient tumor targeting nanoprobe, we realize in situ detection of microRNA-21 (miR-21) of living CTCs in unprocessed whole blood. In the nanoprobe, a catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) system is complexed with protamine sulfate (PS), and then decorated by SYL3C conjugated hyaluronic acid (SHA) and hyaluronic acid (HA). The CHA system can be specifically delivered into living CTCs in whole blood, followed by hybridization between the CHA system and intracellular miR-21 in CTCs to induce strong fluorescence emission. After isolation of CTCs by membrane filtration, CTCs of cancer patients can be directly visualized by a fluorescence microscope for miR-21 detection at a single-cell level. Our study provides an efficient strategy to realize in situ genomic analysis of living CTCs in whole blood.Propolis shows a great variation in its chemical content depending on the vegetation around the beehive. Determination of its botanical origin and the chemical characterization are the most important issues for the standardization and the quality evaluation for propolis samples that are intended to be used in the pharmaceutical industry. This study has focused on the identification of the botanical origin of 47 propolis samples collected from different locations in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Firstly, palynological and chromatographic analyses were carried out. Then, the major distinguishing components were identified by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), or by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (MS) after isolation of the components. Selleckchem DiR chemical Based on the results, the samples were categorized into three main groups as black poplar-type, Euroasian aspen-type, and non-phenolic-type. Key markers of black poplar-type were assigned as phenolic acids and flavonoids, whereas lasiocarpin B and C (phenolic glycerides) were determined as markers for Euroasian aspen-type propolis.